Initial commit

appendix: Solutions to Chapter Questions

==================

switch ($action) {

  case "add":

    $x = $x+y;

    break;

  case "subtract":

    $x = $x-y;

    break;

  case "multiply":

    $x = $x*$y;

    break;

  case "divide":

    $x = $x/$y;

    break;

}

====================================

<?php

for ($num = 10; $num >= 1; $num−−) {

    print "$num<br>";

}

?>

====================================

<?php

function toast( $minutes ){

  //do the toasting here

  echo ("done.");

}

?>

====================================

<?php

toast(5);

?>

====================================

<?php

$months[]='January';

$months[]='February';

$months[]='March';

$months[]='April';

$months[]='May';

$months[]='June';

$months[]='July';

$months[]='August';

$months[]='September';

$months[]='October';

$months[]='November';

$months[]='December';

?>

====================================

array('January,'February','March','April','May','June','July','August',

'September','October','November','December');

====================================

<?php

$months= array('January' => 31,

               'February' => 28,

               'March' => 31,

               'April' => 30,

               'May' => 31,

               'June' => 30,

               'July' => 31,

               'August' => 31,

               'September' => 30,

               'October' => 31,

               'November' => 30,

               'December' => 31);

?>

====================================

<?php

$months= array('January' => 31,

               'February' => 28,

               'March' => 31,

               'April' => 30,

               'May' => 31,

               'June' => 30,

               'July' => 31,

               'August' => 31,

               'September' => 30,

               'October' => 31,

               'November' => 30,

               'December' => 31);

var_dump($months);

?>

====================================

CREATE TABLE months (

   month_id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

   month VARCHAR (20),

   days INT,

   PRIMARY KEY (month_id));

====================================

INSERT INTO months VALUES (NULL,'January',31);

INSERT INTO months VALUES (NULL,'February',28);

INSERT INTO months VALUES (NULL,'March',31);

INSERT INTO months VALUES (NULL,'April',30);

INSERT INTO months VALUES (NULL,'May',31);

INSERT INTO months VALUES (NULL,'June',30);

INSERT INTO months VALUES (NULL,'July',31);

INSERT INTO months VALUES (NULL,'August',31);

INSERT INTO months VALUES (NULL,'September',30);

INSERT INTO months VALUES (NULL,'October',31);

INSERT INTO months VALUES (NULL,'November',30);

INSERT INTO months VALUES (NULL,'December',31);

====================================

mysqldump -u root -p blog > my_backup.sql

====================================

mysql -u root -p -D test < my_backup.sql

====================================

mysql://db_username:db_password@db_host/db_database:

mysql://joe:my$ql@oreilly.com/survey

====================================

<?php

//set the connection details

$db_host='oreilly.com';

$db_database='survey';

$db_username='joe';

$db_password='my$ql';

//call mysql_connect to connect

$connection = mysql_connect($db_host, $db_username, $db_password);

if (!$connection){

die ("Could not connect to the database: <br />". mysql_error(  ));

}

//select the database using mysql_select_db

$db_select = mysql_select_db($db_database);

if (!$db_select){

die ("Could not select the database: <br />". mysql_error(  ));

}

?>

====================================

<?php

$query = "SELECT * FROM authors";

$result = mysql_query( $query );

if (!$result){    die ("Could not query the database: <br />". mysql_error(  ));

}

while ($result_row = mysql_fetch_row(($result))){

    echo 'Author ID: '.$result_row[0] . '<br />';

    echo 'Title ID: '.$result_row[1] . '<br /> ';

    echo 'Author Name: '.$result_row[2] . '<br /><br />';

}

//Close the connection

mysql_close($connection);

?>

====================================

<?php

echo ('<form action="'.$_SERVER["PHP_SELF"].'" method="GET">');

echo ('

    <label>Username:<input type="text" name="username" size="10" maxlength="30" />

</label>

    <br />

    <label>Password:<input type="text" name="password" size="10" maxlength="30" />

</label>

    <input type="submit" value="Submit" />

    </form>

');

?>

====================================

<?php

//Get the username and password from the GET global array

$username = $_GET["username"];

$password = $_GET["password"];

//determine if this is after the form's been submitted

if (!empty($username)){

  //display the values from the submission

  echo ("Username: $username<br>");

  echo ("Password: $password<br>");

}

else {

//display the form

echo ('<form action="'.$_SERVER["PHP_SELF"].'" method="GET">');

echo ('

        <label>Username:<input type="text" name="username" size="10"

maxlength="30" /></label>

        <br />

        <label>Password:<input type="text" name="password" size="10"

maxlength="30" /></label>

        <input type="submit" value="Submit" />

        </form>

    ');

}

?>

====================================

SELECT * FROM authors WHERE author LIKE 'A%''

====================================

if (checkdate(1,31,2045)) {

    echo('Date is valid.');

}

else {

    echo ('Invalid date.');

}

====================================

<?php

$timestamp= mktime(1,31,2045);

echo date("l",$timestamp);

?>

====================================

<?php

$status=rename('upload.tmp','sample.jpg');

if ($status) {

    echo ("Renamed file.");

}

?>

====================================

<?php

require_once('db_login.php');

//sets the values for the database connection

require_once('DB.php');

//connect to the database

$connection = DB::connect("mysql://$db_username:$db_password@$db_host/$db_database");

if (DB::isError($connection)){

    die ("Could not connect to the database: <br />". DB::errorMessage($connection));

}

//modify the table

$query = "ALTER TABLE books ADD published_date date";

//check for an error

$result = $connection->query($query);

if (DB::isError($result)){

    die("Could not query the database: <br />". $query." ".DB::errorMessage($result));

}

echo "Modified successfully!";

$connection->disconnect(  );

?>

====================================

<?php

    session_start(  );

    $_SESSION['user_id'] = 1;

?>

====================================

<?php

    session_start(  );

    echo $_SESSION['user_id'];

?>

====================================

alert("The username field must be at least six characters");

====================================

'/^/d{5}(-/d{4})?$/'

====================================

<?php

$pattern = '/^/d{5}(-/d{4})?$/';

$matched=preg_match($pattern, $zipcode, $matches);

if ($matched) {

  echo ("Zipcode OK.");

}

?>

====================================

<?php

  // put full path to Smarty.class.php

  require('/usr/share/php/Smarty/Smarty.class.php');

  $smarty = new Smarty(  );

  $smarty->template_dir = '/home/www/htmlkb/smarty/templates';

  $smarty->compile_dir = '/home/www/htmlkb/smarty/templates_c';

  $smarty->cache_dir = '/home/www/htmlkb/smarty/cache';

  $smarty->config_dir = '/home/www/htmlkb/smarty/configs';

  $blog_title="PHP and MySQL Zone";

?>

====================================

insert into categories values (NULL, 'Bugs');

====================================

<?php

/*

 * this file welcomes the user.

 * this file welcomes the user and uses proper code styles.

 *

 * Copyright 2006 (c) O'Reilly Media, Inc.

 *

 * @version   $Id: coding_standards_example.html,v 1.2 2006/1/19 24:49:50

 *

 */

//verify the user

if ($_GET[user_id] == 'Admin')

{

  //Welcome the admin user to the control panel.

  echo ('Welcome to the control panel.');

}

else

{

  //Welcome other user.

  echo ('Welcome.');

}

?>

==================

 No newline at end of file

chapter: Dynamic Content and the Web

==================

Example: A PHP function to insert a comment into a comments database table

<?php

//A function to insert a comment into a comments table based on

//the $comment parameter.

//The database name is also a parameter

function add_comment($comment,$database){

    // Add a comment

    // As a security measure, escape any special characters in comment.

    $comment=mysql_real_escape_string($comment);

    // This is the SQL command

    $sql_insert = "INSERT INTO 'comments' (body) VALUES ('$comment')";

    // Select the database

    mysql_select_db($database);

    $success = mysql_query($sql_insert) or die(mysql_error(  ));

    // print the page header

    print('

        <html>

            <head>

                <title>Remove User</title>

                <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="example.css" />

            </head>

            <body>

                <div class="comments">');

    // Check to see if the insert was successful

    if ($success){

        // Tell the user it was successful

        print("The comment $comment was inserted successfully.");

    }

    else {

        // Tell the user it was not successful

        print("The comment $comment could not be inserted. Please try again later.");

    }

    // Print the page footer

    print('</div></body></html>');

}

?>

====================================

Example: A PHP Smarty template

<html>

    <head>

        <title>My Books</title>

    </head>

    <body>

        <p>Favorite Books:</p>

        <p>

            Title: {$title}<br />

            Author: {$author}

        </p>

    </body>

</html>

====================================

Example: The resulting HTML code after template substitution and processing

<html>

    <head>

        <title>My Books</title>

    </head>

    <body>

        <p>Favorite Books:</p>

        <p>

            Title: Java in a Nutshell<br />

            Author: Flanagan

        </p>

    </body>

</html>

====================================

<html>

    <head>

        <title>CSS Example</title>

        <style type="text/css">

            h4, b {color: #80D92F; font-family: arial; }

            p { text-indent: 2cm; background: yellow; font-family: courier;}

        </style>

    </head>

    <body>

        <h3>Learn how to use CSS on your web sites!</h3>

        <h4>It's cool, it's amazing, it even saves you time!</h4>

        <p>Isn't this <b>nifty</b>?</p>

    </body>

</html>

====================================

<tag>Isn't this nifty?</tag>

====================================

<h3>Learn how to use CSS on your web sites!</h3>

==================

 No newline at end of file

chapter: Installation

==================

<?php phpinfo(  ); ?>

====================================

sudo vi /etc/httpd/httpd.conf

====================================

%s/#LoadModule php/LoadModule php/

====================================

%s/#AddModule php/addModule php/

====================================

:%s/index.html/index.html index.php/

====================================

Include /private/etc/httpd/users

====================================

<IfModule mod_php4.c>

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php4

AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

</IfModule>

====================================

<escape>:wq

====================================

vi ~/Sites/test.php

o

<?php phpinfo(  ) ?>

<escape>:wq

====================================

extension_dir = C:\php\extensions

extension=php_mysql.dll

====================================

sudo apt-get install mysql

sudo apt-get install mysql-client

daemonic enable mysql

==================

 No newline at end of file

chapter: Exploring PHP

==================

Example: All you need to start with PHP is a simple HTML document

<html>

    <head>

        <title>Hello World</title>

    </head>

    <body>

        <p>I sure wish I had something to say.</p>

    </body>

</html>

====================================

Example: A wrong way to add some PHP code to the HTML file

<html>

    <head>

        <title>Hello World</title>

    </head>

    <body>

        echo "<p>Now I have something to say.</p>";

    </body>

</html>

====================================

Example: Correctly calling print in hello.php

<html>

    <head>

        <title>Hello World</title>

    </head>

    <body>

        <?php

        print "Hello world!<br />";

        print "Goodbye.<br />";

        print "Over and out.";

        ?>

    </body>

</html>

====================================

Example: The HTML markup produced by the PHP code in 

<html>

<head>

        <title>Hello World</title>

    </head>

    <body>

        Hello world!<br />Goodbye.<br />Over and out.

    </body>

</html>

====================================

Example: Using comments to make your code easier to read

<html>

    <head>

        <title>Hello World</title>

    </head>

    <body>

        <?php

        // A single line comment could say that we are going to

        // print hello world.

        /* This is how to do a

           multiline comment and could be used to comment out a block

           of code */

        echo "Hello world!<br />";

        echo "Goodbye.<br />";

        ?>

    </body>

</html>

====================================

$variable_name = value;

====================================

<?php

$age = 30;

?>

====================================

Example: Reassigning a variable

<?php

$age = 30;

$age = 31;

echo $age;

?>

====================================

31

====================================

Example: The default handling of variable scope

<?php

// Define a function

function birthday(  ){

    // Set age to 1

    $age = 1;

}

// Set age to 30

$age = 30;

// Call the function

birthday(  );

// Display the age

echo $age;

?>

====================================

30

====================================

Example: Using a global variable changes the result

<?php

// Define a function

function birthday(  ){

    // Define age as a global variable

    global $age;

    // Add one to the age value

    $age = $age + 1;

}

// Set age to 30

$age = 30;

// Call the function

birthday(  );

// Display the age

echo $age;

?>

====================================

31

====================================

Example: A static variable remembering its last value

<?php

// Define the function

function birthday(  ){

    // Define age as a static variable

    static $age = 0;

    // Add one to the age value

    $age = $age + 1;

    // Print the static age variable

    echo "Birthday number $age<br />";

}

// Set age to 30

$age = 30;

// Call the function twice

birthday(  );

birthday(  );

// Display the age

echo "Age: $age<br />";

?>

====================================

Birthday number 1

Birthday number 2

Age: 30

====================================

Example: PHP_SELF being used with a file called test.php

<?php

echo htmlentities($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]);

?>

====================================

/test.php

====================================

Example: Working with strings

<?php

$my_string = "Margaritaville - Suntan Oil Application!";

echo "Margaritaville - Suntan Oil Application!";

?>

====================================

Example: Using a variable in a string definition

<?php

$my_string = "Margaritaville - Suntan Oil Application!";

echo "Time for $my_string";

?>

====================================

Example: Single quotes used in a string assignment

<?php

$my_string = 'Margaritaville - Suntan Oil Application!';

echo $my_string;

?>

====================================

Example: Various special characters in string assignments

<?php

$newline = "A newline is \n";

$return = "A carriage return is \r";

$tab = "A tab is \t";

$dollar = "A dollar sign is \$";

$doublequote = "A double-quote is \"";

?>

====================================

Example: Breaking echo with special characters

// This won't work because of the quotes around specialH2!